At-a-glance: What this guide covers
Self-custody fundamentals: seed phrases, passphrases, backups, and air-gapped signing (PSBT).
Cold storage hardware and backup schemes, including SLIP-39 Shamir shares.
Multisig vs. MPC, and when to consider each.
Custodial options, “qualified custodians,” and what insurance really covers.
Phishing and supply-chain risks to avoid (pre-seeded devices, fake apps).
DeFi hygiene: managing token approvals and safer signing with EIP-712.
Inheritance…
Use a cold hardware wallet for long-term funds, keep your seed phrase offline in durable form, add a BIP39 passphrase or multisig/social recovery, and practice DeFi hygiene by reviewing approvals and avoiding blind signing. Turn on phishing-resistant MFA (security keys/passkeys) on your email, exchange, and password manager, and keep devices patched.
1) Custody choices: self-custody vs. custodial accounts
Self-custody means you…
Why risk management matters more than returns
Regulators repeatedly warn that crypto markets are highly speculative and often operate on lightly regulated venues, so capital protection must come first. The CFTC stresses understanding platform risks and products before investing, while the UK FCA highlights that consumers should be prepared to lose all their money in cryptoasset investments.
Macro research adds context: the…
Crypto thefts increasingly target end users through social engineering, SIM swaps, wallet drainers, approval abuse, and fake apps. Regulators and security agencies now push phishing-resistant logins and stricter mobile-account protections, while analytics firms report rising losses from personal-wallet attacks. This checklist turns that guidance into practical, verifiable steps you can complete today.
1) Lock down your exchange accounts and email
Turn…
Read this first: what “recovery” actually means
A crypto wallet is really a set of private keys. If your wallet is self-custodied and you’ve lost both your recovery materials (seed phrase, passphrase, or required cosigner keys) and any alternate recovery path, funds are generally unrecoverable. That’s by design. Some wallets add new recovery options (e.g., social recovery smart wallets and MPC),…
Multi-signature (multisig) wallets require more than one approval to move funds. On Bitcoin, classic multisig uses scripts like m-of-n with P2SH or P2WSH; newer Taproot-era schemes such as MuSig2 and FROST can aggregate multiple approvals into a single Schnorr signature for better privacy and lower fees. On Ethereum and EVM chains, multisig is implemented in smart contracts such as Safe,…
Quick take: your 2025 crypto security stack
Hardware wallet for cold storage with optional passphrase and Shamir backup.
Phishing-resistant sign-in using passkeys or a FIDO2 security key wherever supported.
Exchange protections: withdrawal address allowlisting and settings locks.
Token approval managers to audit and revoke risky allowances.
Transaction simulation and real-time wallet security alerts.
Password manager plus breach monitoring.
Routine checks against common scams like address poisoning and…
Hot wallets live on connected devices and are ideal for everyday transactions and dApps, while cold wallets keep private keys offline for strong protection against remote compromise. Most investors get the best of both worlds by using a hot wallet for spending and a cold wallet for savings, moving funds between them as needed.
What a crypto wallet actually does
A wallet…
Why 2FA is non-negotiable for crypto
Attackers don’t need to “hack blockchains” to steal assets—they phish or reuse compromised passwords. Adding a second factor blocks most automated takeovers and many targeted ones. Google’s published research found that basic two-step verification dramatically reduces successful account hijacking attempts, and U.S. cyber authorities urge moving toward phishing-resistant methods as the long-term fix.
The main…
Your wallet doesn’t store coins; it holds the private keys that authorize transactions on a blockchain. Most modern wallets derive those keys from a human-readable recovery phrase using well-documented standards such as BIP-32 (HD wallets) and BIP-39 (mnemonics). Understanding these basics helps you set things up safely the first time.
Choose the right wallet design for your needs
Hardware walletA small, dedicated…
Crypto scams evolve fast, but their tells rarely do. Guaranteed returns, pressure to move the conversation off-platform, requests to pay “taxes” or “unlock fees” before withdrawals, unsolicited support calls, and wallet-connection prompts that ask for broad token approvals are classic red flags. In 2024, victims of investment fraud involving cryptocurrency reported more than $6.5 billion in losses to the FBI,…
What a crypto wallet really does
Crypto wallets don’t “store coins.” They manage private keys that authorize on-chain transactions. Most modern wallets generate keys from a human-readable recovery phrase using the BIP-39 standard and derive many addresses via hierarchical deterministic (HD) paths defined in BIP-32.
Seed phrases, passphrases, and backups
A seed phrase is your single point of recovery. Some wallets let you…
Crypto theft in 2024–2025 has increasingly come from social engineering and “wallet drainer” kits that trick people into approving malicious transactions. Phish-resistant authentication, hardware wallets, careful seed backups, and tight control of smart-contract permissions are the most reliable ways to reduce risk.
Why wallet safety matters in 2025
Scammers and organized groups continue to refine crypto-theft playbooks. Chainalysis reports that crypto scam…